DNA Structure

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for all living organisms. It has a double helix structure, resembling a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of sugar and phosphate molecules, while the rungs consist of pairs of nitrogen bases (adenine with thymine, and cytosine with guanine). This specific pairing is crucial for DNA's function in storing and transmitting genetic information. DNA replicates itself during cell division, ensuring that each new cell has an identical copy of the genetic material necessary for growth, development, and functioning.