base pairs

Base pairs are the building blocks of DNA, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms. DNA consists of two long strands forming a double helix, with specific pairs of chemical bases connecting them. There are four types of bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). A pairs with T, and C pairs with G, through hydrogen bonds. These pairs ensure accurate copying and expression of genetic information. The sequence of base pairs determines inherited traits and biological functions, functioning like a code written in a specific order.