Central pattern generators

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are groups of neurons in the spinal cord or brain that produce rhythmic patterns of movement without needing sensory feedback. They play a crucial role in controlling repetitive activities like walking, swimming, or breathing. Essentially, CPGs create the basic rhythm and timing for these movements, allowing the body to perform them automatically. This mechanism helps sustain activities at a consistent pace, enabling smoother and more coordinated motion, which is especially important for activities that require cycles of contraction and relaxation of muscles.