Biosignatures

Biosignatures are indicators of past or present life, typically found in biological, chemical, or physical forms. In the context of astrobiology, they might include specific gases like oxygen or methane in a planet's atmosphere, organic molecules in soil or rocks, or patterns of carbon isotopes. Detecting these signatures helps scientists identify whether life ever existed—or exists—beyond Earth. They serve as crucial evidence for understanding biological processes and the potential for life elsewhere in the universe. Biosignatures are essential for guiding space missions and exploring extraterrestrial environments.