Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Autoimmune thyroid disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, which is a butterfly-shaped organ in the neck that regulates metabolism and energy levels. The two main types are Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which often leads to an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), and Graves' disease, which can cause an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism). Symptoms may include fatigue, weight changes, temperature sensitivity, and mood swings. Treatment typically involves medication to manage hormone levels or, in some cases, surgery. Regular monitoring and care are essential for maintaining overall health.