19th century philosophy

Nineteenth-century philosophy was marked by the rise of new ideas about human existence, society, and knowledge. Key figures included Hegel, who introduced dialectics, and Marx, who focused on class struggles and capitalism. Kant emphasized the importance of reason and morality, while existentialists like Kierkegaard explored individual experience and choice. Utilitarian thinkers, like Mill, promoted the greatest happiness principle. This era grappled with industrialization, religion, and the nature of reality, leading to debates about freedom, ethics, and the role of science, influencing modern political thought and shaping contemporary philosophy.