12th century England

The 12th century in England was marked by significant political, social, and cultural changes. Following the Norman Conquest in 1066, William the Conqueror established a feudal system. The century saw the struggle between the monarchy and the nobility, highlighted by King Henry II's reign, which introduced legal reforms and strengthened royal power. The Church wielded considerable influence, and conflicts with the monarchy emerged, notably with Thomas Becket. This period also experienced cultural growth, with the adaptation of European art and literature. The groundwork for England's future political and legal systems began to take shape during this time.