Turkish Politics

Turkish politics is characterized by a strong presidential system, particularly since 2018 when President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan shifted the country from a parliamentary system. The ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), founded by Erdoğan, has dominated politics, promoting conservative and nationalist policies. Turkey faces challenges like economic issues, human rights concerns, and regional conflicts. The opposition includes various parties, such as the Republican People’s Party (CHP) and the pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP). The political landscape is also shaped by the military's historical influence, ethnic tensions, and Turkey's pivotal geopolitical position between Europe and Asia.