The Hind Swaraj

"Hind Swaraj," written by Mahatma Gandhi in 1909, is a foundational text for India's independence movement. In it, Gandhi advocates for self-rule (Swaraj) and stresses the importance of non-violence, moral integrity, and self-reliance. He critiques Western civilization, arguing that it focuses on materialism and violence, which corrupts both individuals and societies. Gandhi envisions a true Swaraj as not just political independence from British rule, but also a societal transformation towards ethical living, where people are empowered to govern themselves in harmony with their values and cultural identity.