The Constitution of Medina

The Constitution of Medina, established in 622 CE by the Prophet Muhammad, was a foundational document for the first Islamic community in Medina. It outlined the rights and responsibilities of the various groups, including Muslims and non-Muslim tribes, promoting cooperation and coexistence. The constitution addressed governance, conflict resolution, and mutual defense, aiming to create a unified society despite religious and tribal differences. It is significant as one of the earliest examples of a written constitution, emphasizing principles of justice, community welfare, and collective security, and it laid the groundwork for future Islamic political thought.