The Anarchy (1135-1154)

The Anarchy was a civil war in England between 1135 and 1154, sparked by a succession crisis after the death of King Henry I. His only legitimate son drowned, leading to a dispute over the throne between his daughter, Empress Matilda, and her cousin, Stephen of Blois. The conflict saw shifting alliances, brutal battles, and lawlessness, causing widespread suffering and destabilization. Both sides struggled for control, ultimately leading to a prolonged period of instability. The Anarchy ended when Matilda's son, Henry II, ascended the throne, starting a new dynasty and restoring order in England.