surface irrigation

Surface irrigation is a method of watering crops where water is applied directly to the soil surface, allowing it to flow over the field by gravity. This technique can involve furrows, basins, or flood irrigation, where fields are strategically leveled to manage water distribution. It relies on the natural slope of the land, making it cost-effective and easy to implement, especially in large fields. However, it may require careful management to prevent issues like waterlogging or uneven water distribution, and is often most effective in areas with sufficient water supply and suitable soil types.