speleology

Speleology is the scientific study of caves, encompassing their formation, structure, physical properties, and ecosystems. It involves exploring underground environments to understand geological processes, mineral formations, water flow, and the unique organisms that inhabit caves. Speleologists analyze how caves develop over time and their significance within Earth's geology. This field combines aspects of geology, hydrology, biology, and archaeology, often requiring specialized skills for safe exploration and research. Overall, speleology helps us gain insights into Earth's history, natural resources, and the delicate ecosystems found beneath the surface.