Rule 30

Rule 30 refers to a one-dimensional cellular automaton, a mathematical model created by Stephen Wolfram. It involves a simple rule for how cells in a binary array (black or white) change based on the state of their neighbors. Specifically, a cell turns black if it was white when at least one of its neighbors was black. Despite its simplicity, Rule 30 produces complex, chaotic patterns over time, illustrating how simple rules can lead to unpredictable outcomes. This has implications in various fields such as mathematics, computer science, and even natural processes, showcasing the nature of complexity from simplicity.