Richard I of England

Richard I of England, known as Richard the Lionheart, reigned from 1189 to 1199. He was a warrior king famous for his role in the Third Crusade, aiming to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control. Born in 1157, he was the son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Richard was admired for his military skills and bravery, though his reign in England was relatively short and spent mostly abroad. His legacy includes a romanticized image as a chivalric hero, but his heavy taxation to fund wars led to discontent at home. He died in battle in France.