Prime number theory

Prime number theory is a branch of mathematics that studies prime numbers, which are integers greater than 1 that have no divisors other than 1 and themselves (like 2, 3, 5, and 7). This theory explores their distribution, patterns, and properties. Key concepts include the idea that primes are the building blocks of all numbers, as every number can be expressed as a product of primes. Important results in prime number theory include the Prime Number Theorem, which describes how primes are distributed among integers, and the Riemann Hypothesis, which is a famous unsolved question related to their distribution.