photoelectric equation

The photoelectric equation describes how light can free electrons from a material, such as metal. When light shines on a surface, if its energy is high enough, it can knock electrons out. The equation quantifies this by showing the relationship between the energy of the incoming light (related to its frequency) and the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons. Essentially, it introduces the concept that light behaves like particles called photons, with energy that depends on their frequency. If the light's energy exceeds a certain threshold, electrons are emitted; otherwise, they're not. This phenomenon has important implications in physics and technology.