photons (particle representation of light)

Photons are the fundamental particles that make up light. They are massless, always moving at the speed of light, and carry energy and momentum. Unlike tangible objects, photons are quantum particles, meaning they exhibit both particle-like and wave-like behaviors. They are responsible for transmitting electromagnetic forces and enable us to see, communicate, and detect radiation across a range of frequencies, from radio waves to gamma rays. In essence, photons are the basic units that explain how light interacts with matter and energy in our universe.