experiments (photoelectric experiments)

Photoelectric experiments investigate how light can cause electrons to be emitted from a metal surface. When light shines on a metal, it transfers energy to the electrons. If the light has enough energy (determined by its frequency), electrons are ejected immediately. The experiments show that the number of electrons released depends on light's intensity, but their energy depends on the light's frequency, not its brightness. This observation led to understanding that light behaves as particles, called photons, each carrying a specific amount of energy. These experiments were crucial in developing quantum theory and deepening our understanding of the nature of light and matter.