Phase I reactions

Phase I reactions are the initial steps in the body's process of metabolizing substances, like medications or toxins. They often involve adding or exposing functional groups to these compounds through reactions such as oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis. This process helps to make the substances more water-soluble, facilitating their elimination from the body. Enzymes, especially those in the liver, play a crucial role in these reactions. By transforming these substances, Phase I reactions can either activate or deactivate drugs, influencing their effectiveness and how long they stay in the system.