pH

pH is a scale that measures how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic. Values below 7 indicate acidity (like lemon juice or vinegar), while values above 7 indicate alkalinity (like baking soda or soap). Each unit change in pH represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity. For example, a solution with a pH of 6 is ten times more acidic than one with a pH of 7. Understanding pH is important in chemistry, biology, and environmental science.