bicarbonate buffer system

The bicarbonate buffer system helps maintain the pH balance of your blood, keeping it slightly alkaline around 7.4. It works by using a chemical combination: bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) acts as a buffer that neutralizes acids, while carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) forms when bicarbonate reacts with excess hydrogen ions (acid). This dynamic balance prevents your blood from becoming too acidic or too alkaline, which is essential for normal body functions. When blood becomes too acidic, bicarbonate absorbs excess hydrogen ions; if it’s too alkaline, carbonic acid can release hydrogen ions to restore balance.