PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway

The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a mechanism that helps regulate the immune system. PD-1 is a protein on immune cells that, when activated by its partner PD-L1 on other cells (often tumor cells), sends a “stop” signal to the immune response. This can prevent the immune system from attacking cancer cells. In cancer therapy, medications called PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors block this interaction, allowing the immune system to recognize and fight cancer more effectively. This approach has become a significant advancement in cancer treatment, improving outcomes for many patients.