PD-L1

PD-L1 (Programmed Death-Ligand 1) is a protein found on some cells, including certain cancer cells. Its main role is to help keep the immune system from attacking the body's own cells by signaling to immune cells (like T-cells) to reduce their activity. Cancer cells can use PD-L1 to hide from immune detection, allowing the tumor to grow. Some cancer treatments involve drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors that block PD-L1 or its related pathways, helping the immune system recognize and attack the cancer more effectively.