Pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, viewing them as foreign invaders. This happens due to a mix of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, like infections or toxins, which can trigger the immune response. The result is inflammation and damage to tissues and organs, leading to various symptoms. Each autoimmune disease affects different parts of the body, such as joints, skin, or organs, creating a complex interplay of immune dysfunction and inflammation that differs from person to person. Awareness and diagnosis are essential for effective management.