Nyquist Theorem

The Nyquist Theorem states that to accurately capture and reproduce a signal, it must be sampled at least twice its highest frequency. For example, if a sound wave has a maximum frequency of 20 kHz, it should be sampled at least 40 kHz. This ensures that all the details of the signal are preserved and prevents a loss of information, known as "aliasing," where different signals become indistinguishable. Essentially, the theorem underscores the importance of sampling rate in digital audio and other forms of data to maintain quality and accuracy.