Nyquist rate

The Nyquist Rate is the minimum sampling rate needed to accurately capture a signal without losing information. According to the Nyquist Theorem, to avoid distortion or aliasing, a signal must be sampled at least twice as fast as its highest frequency component. For example, if a sound includes frequencies up to 20 kHz, it should be sampled at least 40 kHz. This concept is crucial in fields like audio processing and telecommunications, ensuring that the original signal can be reconstructed accurately from its samples.