Muhammad Zahir Shah

Muhammad Zahir Shah was the last king of Afghanistan, reigning from 1933 until he was deposed in 1973. His rule is known for modernization efforts and attempts to promote a constitutional monarchy. Zahir Shah implemented various reforms in education and infrastructure, aiming to modernize Afghan society. After being ousted in a coup while in Italy, he spent years in exile but returned to Afghanistan in 2002 after the fall of the Taliban regime. He later advocated for national reconciliation and democracy until his death in 2007. His legacy is a blend of tradition and modernity in Afghanistan’s history.