Mu'tazilism

Mu'tazilism is a theological and philosophical movement in Islamic thought that emerged in the 8th century. It emphasizes reason and rationality, arguing that human intellect can discern right from wrong without relying solely on religious texts. Mu'tazilites advocate for the oneness of God, justice, and the importance of free will. They believe that humans are responsible for their actions and can understand divine truth through logical reasoning. This movement played a significant role in shaping early Islamic philosophy and discussions about faith, ethics, and the nature of God, influencing later Islamic and Western thought.