Mintzberg's organizational theory

Mintzberg's organizational theory describes how businesses are structured and run. He identifies five key components: the strategic apex (top management), the middle line (managers who connect top management and workers), the operating core (employees who do the actual work), the technostructure (specialists and analysts who design systems), and the support staff (people who help the organization function). Mintzberg also outlines five types of organizational forms: simple structure, machine bureaucracy, professional bureaucracy, divisional structure, and adhocracy, each suited for different environments and goals. This framework helps understand how organizations operate and adapt.