Martinus Luther

Martin Luther was a German monk and theologian who lived in the 16th century. He is best known for starting the Protestant Reformation by challenging the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the sale of indulgences (payments meant to reduce punishment for sins). In 1517, he famously nailed his "95 Theses" to a church door, outlining his concerns. Luther's ideas emphasized faith in God over church rituals, leading to the creation of various Protestant denominations. His work influenced religion, politics, and society, marking a significant shift in European history and the nature of Christianity.