magma generation

Magma generation occurs when solid rock in the Earth’s mantle or crust melts due to high temperatures and pressure. This melting can happen for several reasons, such as increased temperature from the Earth's heat, a decrease in pressure as rocks rise towards the surface, or the addition of water, which lowers melting points. The resulting magma, a hot, liquid mixture of molten rock, gases, and crystals, can accumulate in magma chambers underground. When pressure builds, it may erupt through volcanoes, contributing to the formation of new land and various geological features.