Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (Llywelyn the Last)

Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, known as Llywelyn the Last, was the last sovereign prince of Gwynedd in Wales, ruling from 1255 to 1282. He united much of Wales in resistance against English rule and sought to reaffirm Welsh independence through strategic alliances and military efforts. His reign marked a significant period of Welsh nationalism. However, after several battles against the English crown, particularly under King Edward I, he was ultimately defeated and killed in 1282. His legacy symbolizes the struggle for Welsh autonomy and the enduring spirit of Welsh identity.