Lactose

Lactose is a natural sugar found primarily in milk and dairy products. It is a disaccharide composed of two simpler sugars: glucose and galactose. During digestion, an enzyme called lactase breaks down lactose into these two sugars, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream to provide energy. Some individuals have low lactase levels, leading to lactose intolerance, where consuming dairy causes symptoms like bloating, gas, and diarrhea. Lactose is also used as a sweetener and additive in various processed foods. Understanding lactose helps in managing dietary choices, especially for those with sensitivities or intolerances.