Jus Cogens

Jus cogens refers to fundamental principles of international law that are universally recognized and cannot be violated, even by treaties or agreements between states. These norms protect basic human rights and include prohibitions against torture, genocide, and slavery. Essentially, jus cogens represents the highest legal standards that all countries must adhere to, reflecting core values of humanity. Because they are so essential, states cannot opt out of these obligations, regardless of their individual legal frameworks. This concept ensures a baseline of respect for human dignity across nations.