Italy's unification

Italy's unification, known as the Risorgimento, occurred in the 19th century, transforming a collection of independent states and kingdoms into a single nation. Key figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Camillo di Cavour played essential roles, utilizing diplomacy and military action. The process began in the 1850s and culminated in 1871 when Rome was declared the capital of unified Italy. The movement aimed to create a unified Italian identity, overcoming regional differences and foreign control, significantly impacting Italy's political landscape and contributing to the rise of nationalism in Europe.