Islamic Astronomy

Islamic astronomy refers to the study and observation of celestial bodies within the context of Islamic scholarship from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Islamic astronomers built upon earlier Greek and Indian knowledge, enhancing it through meticulous observations and innovations, such as the astrolabe. They developed astronomical tables that improved navigation and the Islamic calendar, essential for timing religious practices like Ramadan. Famous figures, such as Al-Biruni and Al-Khwarizmi, contributed to advancing mathematics and astronomy, making significant progress in understanding planetary motion and promoting empirical observations that laid the groundwork for modern astronomy.