Indus Valley Civilization History

The Indus Valley Civilization, thriving around 2500 BCE in present-day Pakistan and northwest India, was one of the world's earliest urban cultures. It featured advanced city planning, with grid layouts, sophisticated drainage systems, and standardized bricks. Major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had impressive architecture and traded goods, indicating a prosperous economy. The civilization's writing system remains undeciphered, leading to many mysteries about their society. Declining around 1900 BCE, possibly due to climate change or invasions, the Indus Valley Civilization laid foundational cultural and technological influences for future societies in the region.