Indian National Congress Split (1907)

The Indian National Congress split in 1907 due to ideological differences between two factions: the Moderates and the Extremists. Moderates advocated for gradual reforms and negotiations with the British government, while Extremists called for more direct action and protests to demand immediate political rights. The split reflected growing tensions over how best to achieve independence. The divide became evident at the Surat session of the Congress, where delegates could not reconcile their approaches. This split highlighted the increasing urgency for Indian self-rule and foreshadowed future movements for independence.