Homologous recombination

Homologous recombination is a natural process in cells where similar or identical DNA sequences exchange segments. It helps repair damaged DNA by using a matching sequence as a template, ensuring genetic information is accurately restored. Additionally, this process promotes genetic diversity by shuffling genes during sexual reproduction. Imagine it as two similar pieces of fabric being sewn together, exchanging sections to repair or create variation. This mechanism is vital for maintaining healthy cells, proper genetic variation, and evolution.