Double-strand breaks

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are serious types of damage that occur in DNA, which is the genetic material in living cells. They happen when both strands of the DNA helix break at the same spot. This can occur due to environmental factors, such as radiation or chemicals, or during normal cellular processes like DNA replication. If not repaired properly, DSBs can lead to significant problems, including cell malfunction, cancer, or even cell death. Cells have mechanisms to repair these breaks, ensuring genetic stability and proper functioning of the organism.