Grand Duke of Tuscany

The Grand Duke of Tuscany was a noble title held by the ruler of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, a historic region in central Italy. Established in the 16th century, the title was most notably associated with the Medici family, who were influential patrons of the arts and sciences during the Renaissance. The Grand Duchy was an important political and cultural entity until its annexation by the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century. The position combined ceremonial authority with governance, making the Grand Duke a key figure in Tuscan and Italian history.