Gibbs ensemble

The Gibbs ensemble is a concept in statistical mechanics used to study systems in equilibrium that exchange particles and energy with their surroundings. Imagine a closed box filled with gas, where the gas can exchange particles not only with the walls of the box but also between two different compartments. In this scenario, the Gibbs ensemble allows us to understand how properties like temperature and pressure behave by treating the system as a combination of parts, helping to explain how systems work at the microscopic level while ensuring the overall conditions remain consistent.