Geographic Isolation

Geographic isolation occurs when groups of the same species become separated by physical barriers, such as mountains, rivers, or distances. This separation can prevent them from mating and sharing genetic material. Over time, the isolated groups may adapt to their unique environments, leading to variations in their traits. This process can result in the emergence of new species, as the differences accumulate. Geographic isolation is a key factor in evolution, illustrating how physical barriers can shape biodiversity and the development of distinct organisms in various habitats.