Formalist criticism

Formalist criticism is an approach to analyzing literature that focuses solely on the text itself, emphasizing its structure, language, and literary devices, rather than external factors like the author's background or historical context. It examines elements such as imagery, symbolism, character development, and plot to uncover deeper meanings and themes. By concentrating on how these components interact within the work, formalist critics aim to appreciate the artistry of the text and its inherent qualities, promoting an understanding of literature based on its own merits.