Electoral Systems: A Comparative Introduction

Electoral systems are the methods by which votes are translated into political power, determining how representatives are elected. They vary widely across countries and can impact political stability, party systems, and voter engagement. Common types include first-past-the-post, where the candidate with the most votes wins, and proportional representation, which allocates seats based on the percentage of votes each party receives. Understanding these systems helps to grasp how different democracies function and the implications for governance and public policy. Each system has its strengths and weaknesses, influencing the political landscape in unique ways.