Edgar Schein (Organizational Culture)

Edgar Schein is a prominent organizational psychologist known for his work on corporate culture. He explains that an organization's culture consists of three layers: artifacts (visible elements like dress code and office layout), espoused values (the organization's stated beliefs and goals), and basic underlying assumptions (deeply ingrained beliefs that guide behavior). Schein argues that understanding these layers helps organizations navigate change, improve communication, and enhance teamwork. His framework offers insights into how culture shapes employee experiences and organizational effectiveness, emphasizing that a strong, positive culture is essential for success.