DNA repair mechanisms

DNA repair mechanisms are the cell's way of fixing damage to its genetic material, ensuring accurate functioning and survival. When DNA gets damaged by things like UV light or chemicals, specialized systems detect and correct these errors. These mechanisms include direct reversal of damage, removal of damaged sections followed by replacement (excision repair), and fixing breaks in the DNA strands through processes like non-homologous end joining or homologous recombination. This intricate system helps maintain genetic stability, prevent mutations, and protect against diseases like cancer.