dielectric breakdown

Dielectric breakdown occurs when an insulating material, such as rubber or glass, suddenly allows electricity to flow through it, becoming conductive. This happens when the electric field exceeds a certain threshold, causing the insulation to fail. The material can no longer resist the electric charge, leading to sparks or arcing, which can result in damage or danger. This phenomenon is important in electrical engineering and safety, as it limits the voltage that can be applied to insulators without risking failure.