Cytokine Signaling Pathways

Cytokine signaling pathways are communication routes in the body that help cells understand and respond to their environment, especially during immune responses. Cytokines are small proteins released by cells to signal other cells, influencing activities like growth, inflammation, and immune defense. When a cytokine attaches to its receptor on a target cell, it triggers a series of internal signals that help the cell react appropriately. This process is crucial for coordinating defenses against infections, responding to injury, and maintaining overall health, highlighting the complex interactions that keep bodily functions in balance.